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Wael Zwaiter ((アラビア語:وائل زعيتر); 2 January 1934 – 16 October 1972) was a Palestinian translator assassinated as the first target of Israel's Operation Wrath of God campaign following the 1972 Munich massacre. Israel considered Zwaiter a terrorist〔Bar-Zohar, Michael & Eitan Haber. ''Massacre in Munich''. The Lyons Press, 2005, p. 146〕 for his role in the Black September group, while his supporters argue that he was "never conclusively linked" with Black September or the Munich massacre and was killed in retribution.〔Johnson, Ken. ("Material for a Palestinian’s Life and Death". ) ''New York Times''. February 12, 2009.〕〔Simon, Bob. ("An Eye for an Eye". ) CBS News. November 21, 2001〕 Zwaiter was born in Nablus in 1934, the son of Adel Zu'aiter.〔("Palenstinian Personalities". ) Passia.org.〕〔("Historical Events". ) Passia.org.〕 He went to Iraq and studied Arabic literature and philosophy at the University of Baghdad. Zwaiter moved then to Libya and afterwards to Rome, where he was a PLO representative and worked as a translator for the Libyan embassy. In addition to his native Arabic, Zwaiter spoke French, Italian, and English. During his time in Italy, Zwaiter was in the process of translating ''One Thousand and One Nights'' from Arabic into Italian, but according to Emily Jacir, he never completed this. Zwaiter was held for questioning by Italian police in August 1972 in relation to a bombing by the group Black September against an oil refinery, but was later released. The Israeli Mossad suspected him of being the head of Black September in Rome, and put him on an assassination list after Black September's attack in Munich. When he returned to his apartment building on the night of 16 October 1972, he was killed by two Israeli agents who shot him 11 times. At the time Zwaiter was the PLO representative in Italy, and while Israel privately claimed he was a member of Black September and was involved in a failed plot against an El Al airliner, members of the PLO have argued that he was in no way connected. Abu Iyad, deputy-chief of the PLO, has stated that Zwaiter was "energetically" against political violence.〔Nasr, Kameel B. ''Arab and Israeli Terrorism: The Causes and Effects of Political Violence, 1936–1993''. McFarland & Company, 1996. ISBN 0-7864-0280-6 p. 68〕 ==Portrayal in film== *Wael Zwaiter is portrayed by actor Makram Khoury in Steven Spielberg's ''Munich''. *("Material for a film": Retracing Wael Zuaiter (Part 1) ), installation in the 2007 La Biennale di Venezia by Emily Jacir *Emily Jacir: ( "Material for a film": A performance (Part 2) ), 16 July 2007, The Electronic Intifada * *Najwan Darwis: (Emily Jacir’s Material for a Film: Ongoing homage and artistic revenge for Wa’el Zuaiter ) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Wael Zwaiter」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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